Formulation and Evaluation of Acne Control Daily Herbal Facewash

Mehul P. Bagde¹*, Mukesh Rajpurohit¹, Lalit Chaudhary²

1 Department of Pharmaceutics, Shree Naranjibhai Lalbhai Patel College of Pharmacy, Umrakh. Bardoli. Gujarat. India. 394345

2 Department of Quality Assurance, Shree Naranjibhai Lalbhai Patel College of Pharmacy, Umrakh. Bardoli. Gujarat. India. 394345

*Correspondence: mehul58135813@gmail.com

INTRODUCTION

Acne vulgaris is a chronic inflammatory dermatosis of pilosebaceous unit (composed of the hair follicle, hair shaft, and sebaceous gland) and the most common skin condition globally (approximately 650 million people) [1-4] in 2010, a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease study reported acne as the eighth most prevalent disease worldwide. Although the occurrence of acne is highest among the teenagers with an estimated prevalence of >95% in teenage boys and 85% in teenage girls. However, a considerable number of men and women (50%) continue to have acne in the adulthood. [1-3]  Acne vulgaris is an extremely common disorder of skin (pilosebaceous unit) that affects virtually all individuals at least once during life. The incidence of acne peaks at teenage, but substantial numbers of men & women between 20-30 years of age are also affected by the disorder. [5] The pathogenesis of acne involves multiple physiological factors. These include follicular hyper-proliferation, increased sebum production due to higher androgen levels & colonization of organism, Propionibacterium acnes & staphylococcus epidermidis. [6] Novel concept have emerged to help better understand its pathogenesis, these includes variation in target cell sensitivity, biological markers, neuro-endocrine, genetic,& environmental factors. Plenty of herbal as well as synthetic ingredients are reported to have remarkable beneficial effect on acne vulgaris. [7-8] They may have different mechanism like, a) Control sebum secretion. b) Antibiotics which inhibits Propionoibacterium acne & Staphylococcus epidermidis, the main causative organism of acne.  c) Keratolytic which removes the keratin layer & prevents the trapping of sebum under the skin. d) Anti-inflammatory which prevents the worsening of condition due to inflammation or redness etc.

A cleanser is a facial care product that is used to remove makeup, dead skin cells, oil, dirt, and other types of pollutants from the skin of the face. This helps to unclog pores and prevent skin conditions such as acne. A cleanser can be used as part of a skin care regimen together with a toner and moisturizer. [9] Acne is caused by the following factors: Excessive oil production, Bacterial infection, Unhealthy eating habits or a sedentary lifestyle, Changes in hormones, Stress, Aspects of the environment.

It helps to remove dead skin cells that helps new skin cells replace old one It helps to keep skin fresh and healthy. It makes the skin to look radiant. The mixture of dead skin cells and excessive oil clog pores, which can lead to acne white heads, blackheads and total weary appearance. Exfoliating the pores regularly, avoids all the above skin problems. Removing dead skin cells that means your skin will develop wrinkles at a slower pace. Keep the skin hydrated, soft, supple and youthful looking? Stimulate blood circulation, boosting blood flow to your face for glowing skin [10] Make the skin younger and help to fight any signs of aging Help other skin care products penetrate properly into the skin [11] Disadvantages of herbal face wash: Itching, Skin rashes, A sensation of feeling warm. [12]

The exfoliation accelerates the blood circulation and promotes skin regeneration and rejuvenation. Facial pores and Oily skin is caused by over secretion of sebum by sebaceous glands which clogs the makes the skin oilier. Oily skin requires cleansers with herbs and botanicals which will clean the pores and reduce oil buildup. These exfoliating cleansers contain anti-inflammatory agents and antioxidants that improve and nourish the damaged skin. Known for its beneficial properties, herbal face wash is used to treat acne and pimples. Containing rich plant-based ingredients like neem, herbal face wash removes excess oil without removing nutrients from the skin. It should be stable and should have a good appearance. It should soften on application to the skin. It should spread easily without dragging. During application it should not have oily or greasy feel. After evaporation of water the cream residue should not become viscous. Its physical action should be that of flushing on the skin and pore opening rather than absorption.  A thin emollient film should remain on the skin after its use. The exfoliation accelerates the blood circulation and promotes skin regeneration and rejuvenation. Facial pores and Oily skin are caused by over secretion of sebum by sebaceous glands which clogs the makes the skin oilier. Oily skin requires cleansers with herbs and botanicals which will clean the pores and reduce oil build-up. These exfoliating cleansers contain anti-inflammatory agents and antioxidants that improve and nourish the damaged skin. Known for its beneficial properties, herbal face wash is used to treat acne and pimples. Containing rich plant-based ingredients like neem, herbal face wash removes excess oil without removing nutrients from the skin. It should be stable and should have a good appearance. It should soften on application to the skin. It should spread easily without dragging. During application it should not have oily or greasy feel. After evaporation of water the cream residue should not become viscous. Its physical action should be that of flushing on the skin and pore opening rather than absorption. A thin emollient film should remain on the skin after its use. [13]

Herbal face-wash are used to remove all traces of makeup every day, for cleansing the skin, Anti-aging, Bath and renewal keeping the skin clean and shiny, stimulates their generation of the skin cells and their renewal, Help plug the pores clear, to remove all traces of makeup every day, for cleansing the skin, anti-aging, bath and renewal keeping the skin clean and shiny, stimulates their generation of the skin cells and their renewal, help plug the pores clear. [14]

Antibiotics, retinoid, benzoyl peroxide (BPO), and hormone therapy are common medications prescribed for the treatment of acne vulgaris. The mixture of 2.5% benzoyl peroxide and 0.1% adapalene in a gel is a once-daily medication for acne vulgaris. The drawback of this topical treatment is the poor tolerability of patients, as several levels of erythema, itching, irritation, desquamation, burning, and dryness can be encountered, and patients are advised to experience these side effects, which if severe, lead to discontinuing therapy. [15] Drugs like tetracycline, clindamycin, co-trimoxazole, erythromycin, azithromycin, and doxycycline are observed as resistant against propionibacterium acne which causes acne. Several non-antibiotic medications, such as benzoyl peroxide and isotretinoin, have been developed as potential therapies for the inhibition of P. acnes. These small molecule medications can have unexpected side effects, considering their effectiveness, causing skin inflammation and even reproductive toxicity. [16] While tetracycline antibiotics have a low rate of resistance in P. acnes, but oral tetracycline medications have common side effects such as photosensitivity, esophagitis, and gastrointestinal discomfort as well as the potential for severe side effects such as hypersensitivity reactions, pseudotumor cerebri, and, in the case of minocycline autoimmune hepatitis and systemic lupus erythematosus. [17] Above all treatment of acne is an oral and a topical formulation that has many side effects and a long duration of treatment causes severe side effects. So strong need to overcome these problems which have minimum side effects and increase the efficacy of treatment. Herbal facewashes for acne are gaining popularity due to the growing interest in natural and plant-based skincare products. Herbal Facewashes can be opted for the treatment of acne as they can be gentle on skin, reduce chemical exposure, natural anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties and balanced oil productions. In summary, herbal facewashes for acne can be a gentle and natural approach to skincare, which may be suitable for people with sensitive skin or those looking to reduce exposure to synthetic chemicals. 

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Selection and Collection of Herbs

The materials and herbs used were selected on the basis of literature review. The Carambola Extract, Arista, Aloe Vera, Turmeric oil, Peppermint oil, Glycerin, Honey, Xanthan gum, Lemon juice are selected for the development of herbal facewash.

Herbal Facewash

Accurate weight  the Herbal ingredients such like as Aloe vera, Turmeric oil, Xanthamgum etc Mix well and Soak in hot rose water over night (Not more than 60 0C & 50% weight of the batch size) Next day, Combine Honey , Aristha and Lemon juice and mix with extract of  Carmbola Xantham gum solution mix with Carmbola extract solution and add to a left-over rose water. Formulation was prepared and poured into container and perform evaluation test.

Table 1. Formulation ingredients for Herbal Facewash

Evaluation Herbal Facewash

ü  Physical Evaluation

Physical parameters such as colour, appearance & consistency were checked visually.

ü  Washability

Formulations were applied on the skin & then ease & extent of washing with water were checked manually.

ü  pH

pH of 1% aqueous solution of the formulation was measured by using calibrated digital pH meter at constant temperature.

ü  Spreadability

Spreadability denotes the extent of area to which the gel readily spread on application to skin or the affected part. The bioavailability efficiency of a gel formulation also depends on its spreading value. The Spreadability is expressed in terms of time in seconds taken by two slides to slip off from the gel, placed in between the slides, under certain load. Lesser the time taken for separation of two slides, better the Spreadability. Two sets of glass slides of standard dimensions were taken. The herbal gel formulation was placed over one of the slides. The other slide was placed on the top of the gel, such that the gel was sandwich between the two slides in an area occupied by a distance of 6 cm along the slide. 100gm weight was placed upon the upper slide so that the gel between the two slides was pressed uniformly to from a thin layer. The weight was removed & the excess of the gel adhering to the slides was scrapped off. The two slides in position were fixed to stand without slightest disturbance & in such a way that only the upper slide to slip off freely by the force of weight tied to it. A 20gm weight was tied to the upper slide carefully. The time taken for the upper slide to travel the distance of 6 cm7 separated away from the lower slide under the influence of the weight was noted. The experiment was repeated three times both formulated gels & marketed gel & the mean time taken for calculation. www.wjpps.com Vol 5, Issue 6, 2016. 2006 Koli et al. World Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Spreadability was calculated by using the following formula,

ü  Homogenity

Under visual inspection of the prepared formulation indicates no lumps and to hour uniform colour dispersion free from any fibre and particle.

ü  Grittiness

The prepared formulation is shown no grittiness.

ü  Foamability test

Small amount of facewash applied on the skin and rub the hand. The formulation was found to produce consistent foam.

ü  Extrudability

The prepared formulations shows that good extrudability of formulation.

RESULT AND DISCUSSION

Physiochemical Evaluation

Table 2. Physiochemical Evaluation

Washability

Table 3. Washability

In the above evaluation parameter, the batch F3 has shown good washability

pH

Table 4. pH

In the above evaluation parameter, the batch F3 has shown pH in optimum range

Spreadability

Table 5. Spreadability

In the above evaluation parameter, the batch F3 has shown good Spreadability

Homogenity

Table 5. Homogenity

In the above evaluation parameter, the batch F3 has shown good Homogeneity

Grittiness

Table 6. Grittiness

In the above evaluation parameter, the batch F3 has shown good grittiness

Foamability

Figure 1. Foamability

Extrudability

Table 7. Spreadability

In the above evaluation parameter, the batch F3 has shown good extrudability

CONCLUSION

Natural remedies are more acceptable in the belief that they are safer with fewer side effects than the synthetic ones. Herbal formulations have growing demand in the world market. It is a very good attempt to establish the herbal face wash containing aqueous extra like Aloe vera,  Rose, and Lemon. Creating a daily herbal face wash for acne control using carambola extract, aloe vera, honey, rosewater, and turmeric is a great idea. Each of these ingredients has properties that can benefit the skin, especially in terms of combating acne and promoting overall skin health. Carambola extract contains antioxidants like vitamin C, which helps in fighting free radicals that can damage the skin and lead to acne. It also has antimicrobial properties, which can help in reducing acne-causing bacteria on the skin. Aloe vera is well-known for its soothing and healing properties. It can help calm inflammation associated with acne and promote the healing of acne scars. It also has antibacterial properties, which can help in preventing new acne breakouts. Honey is a natural humectant, meaning it helps retain moisture in the skin without making it oily. It has antibacterial properties, which can help in reducing acne-causing bacteria on the skin's surface. Honey also contains antioxidants that can help in repairing and protecting the skin. Rosewater has anti-inflammatory properties, which can help reduce redness and irritation associated with acne. It also helps balance the skin's pH levels, which is important for maintaining healthy skin and preventing acne breakouts. Turmeric contains curcumin, which has anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties. It can help reduce inflammation associated with acne and prevent bacterial infections on the skin. Turmeric also has antioxidant properties, which can help protect the skin from damage caused by free radicals. The face wash was prepared keeping in  mind that it suits all skin type as the formulation  was kept mild. Having properties of Carambola extract which gives anti-inflammatory activity helps in brightening of skin and reduces the redness and swelling of acne in all weathers and gives pleasant feeling on the skin after every wash. The face wash prepared such that it will fit for daily use. Various tests were conducted  which proved that the pH of the face wash was the  same as what ideally should be used in a facial  product. The  goal of this study was to develop a face wash that may be used on a daily basis by people of all ages. It aids in the maintenance and nourishment of skin. From this study it can be  concluded that face wash (trial F3) is  good containing carambola extract 0.7 gram in terms of  appearance, odor, cleansing, Spreadability and  foaming property. It did not give harshness and  skin irritation. This face wash can be applied to the  skin and was found to be very effective.

This herbal face wash combines the beneficial properties of carambola extract, aloe Vera, honey, rosewater, and turmeric to create a potent solution for acne control. The antioxidants, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and soothing properties of these ingredients work together to cleanse the skin, reduce inflammation, fight acne-causing bacteria, and promote overall skin health. Regular use of this face wash can help keep acne at bay and leave your skin feeling refreshed and rejuvenated.

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