Evaluation of In-vitro Anti-arthritic activity in
Methanol and Acetone Extract of Stem of Cissus quadrangularis
Dr. Sundhararajan R, A. Dhanalakshmi*,
Latha. S, Lokesh. S, Manibharathi. K, Megala. S, Mohamed Adhil. A
Mohammad Sathak A.J. College
of Pharmacy, Chennai, Tamil Nadu.
Mail id : dhanaanbu26@gmail.com Tel.: 9500929592
DOI: https://doi.org/10.71431/IJRPAS.2025.4312
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Article Information
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Abstract
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Research Article
Received: 18/03/2025
Accepted: 25/03/2025
Published: 31/03/2025
Keywords:
C. quadrangularis, Anti-arthritis,
Albumin denaturation, HRBC Membrane stabilization, Methanol extract, Acetone
extract.
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Anti-arthritic
activity of Cissus
quadrangularis was studied by two
methods 1.Inhibition of Albumin
denaturation. 2.Human red blood cell
membrane (HRBC) stabilization. Egg white denaturation is a process where egg
whites experience auxiliary alter and lose their ordinary work due to
provocative response, the discharge of incendiary go-betweens disturbs its
sensitive structure and hindrance of egg whites denaturation appears the
anti-inflammatory action of Cissus
quadrangularis . Human red blood cell membrane crack and discharges
hemoglobin due to hypotonic condition which is due to incendiary response and
stabilization of the layer appears the anti-inflammatory action of the Cissus quadrangularis . As the
concentration of the denatured egg whites protein and concentration of film
lysis increments the absorbance esteem increments; denaturation of egg whites
protein and layer lysis is due to provocative response and discharge of
provocative go-betweens. After expansion of the Cissus quadrangularis
stem extricate to the test at that point the absorbance esteem diminishes
because of the anti-inflammatory movement of the extricate which decreases
the egg whites denaturation and membrane lysis.[4,5,6]
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INTRODUCTION
Cissus quadrangularis is a homegrown plant
has a place in the family Vitaceae. It is beefy, cactus
in nature. It is moreover known as Vitis quadrangularis.
Cissus
quadrangularis is a conventional pharmaceutical as a rule said to come from Ayurveda
but shows up to have a wide extend of areas that have utilized it medicinally
due to its development in various areas. Customarily, it was for the most part
utilized in the treatment of Female clutters (Menopause, Charisma and Menstrual
disarranges) and treating bone disarranges which gives it the conventional
title of the ‘BONE SETTER’ (HADJOD).[01]
Like other Therapeutic
plants, there are different phytochemicals displayed in it. The major
constituents are Carotene A, ascorbic corrosive, ketosteroid, triterpenoid,
Beta-sitosterol and calcium. Other phytochemicals incorporate calcium oxalate,
flavonoids, resveratrol, phytosterols, pallidol, Delta-Amyrin, and
water-soluble glycosides.[02]
IN VITRO ANTI ARTHRITIC
ACTIVITY:
The inhibition of protein
denaturation, albumin denaturation, and membrane stabilization was studied to
establish the mechanism of anti-arthritic activity of C. quadrangularis.
Therefore, our in vitro studies on the extract of C.quadrangularis
demonstrate the significant anti-arthritic activity. Hence, this mangrove plant
can be used as a potent natural anti-arthritic agent. The results show that the
extracts of C.quadrangularis exhibiting anti-arthritic activities might
be due to the presence of active principles such as polyphenolic content,
triterpenoids, alkaloids, and flavonoids. From the results of the study, it can
be concluded that the extract of C. quadrangularis possessed significant
antiarthritic property in MECQ than compared to AECQ. [03]
MATERIALS AND METHODS
COLLECTION OF PLANT MATERIALS:
The stem of Cissus quadrangularis
Linn was collected from areas close to
Besant Nagar in Chennai and confirmed by Dr. KN. Sunil Kumar, Investigate
officer/Sci-II and HOD, division of Pharmacognosy, Siddha Central Investigate
Established, Anna Govt. Clinic Campus, Arumbakkam, Chennai. (1158.05022509/PCOG002-ACF).
The stem of Cissus quadrangularis Linn was
dried and at that point smashed into fine powder utilizing a research facility
homogenizer.
PREPARATION OF PLANT EXTRACT:
The powdered stem of Cissus quadrangularis (100g) was extricated with 100 ml of chosen
solvents (methanol and acetone) utilizing a soxhlet device and sifted through
Whatman No.1 channel paper. The filtrate was concentrated and dried beneath
diminished weight and controlled temperature. The concentrated extricates of
the test were put away in little vials at -20º C and utilized for advanced
investigation.
ASSAY AND IN VITRO TEST:
01.INHIBITION OF ALBUMIN DENATURATION:
The Anti-arthritic action of Cissus quadrangularis extricates
(methanol, acetone) was considered by utilizing restraint of egg whites
denaturation strategy which was considered agreeing to Mizushima and Kobayashi
(1986) and Sakat et al (2010) taken after minor adjustments.
REAGENTS
1. 5%
Bovine serum albumin
2. 1N HCl
3.
Phosphate buffer saline
PROCEDURE
The
response blend (0.5 ml; pH 6.3) comprised 0.45 ml of bovine serum egg whites
(5% fluid arrangement) and 0.05 ml of refined water. pH was balanced at 6.3
utilizing a little sum of 1 N HCl. Diverse concentrations of plant extricate
were included in the response blend and were brooded at 37ºC for 20 min and at
that point warmed at 57º C for 5 min after cooling the tests, 2.5 mL of
phosphate buffer saline was included. Turbidity was measured spectrophotometrically
at 600 nm.[04, 05]
02. HRBC MEMBRANE STABILIZATION METHOD:
The
lysosomal chemical discharged amid irritation produces an assortment of
clutters. The extracellular movement of these proteins is said to be related to
intense or constant irritation. The nonsteroidal drugs act either by repressing
these lysosomal chemicals or by stabilizing the lysosomal membrane.
PROCEDURE
Blood was collected (2 mL) from solid volunteers
and was blended with the rise to the volume of sterilized Alsevers arrangement
(2 % dextrose, 0.8 % sodium citrate, 0.5 % citric corrosive and 0.42 % NaCl in
refined water) and centrifuged at 3000 rpm. The pressed cells were washed with
the iso-saline arrangement and a 10 % v/v suspension was arranged with typical
saline and kept at 4ºC undisturbed sometime recently utilize. Distinctive
concentrations of plant extricate (100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 µg /ml) in
ordinary saline, Ibuprofen as standard (100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 µg /ml) and
control (refined water instep of hypo saline to create 100 % hhemolysis were
independently blended with 1 ml of phosphate buffer, 2 ml of hyposaline and 0.5
ml of 10% HRBC suspension was included to arranged. All the measure blends were
hatched at 37º C for 30 min and centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 20 min and the
hemoglobin substance of the supernatant arrangement was assessed
spectrophotometrically at 560 nm.[06]
RESULTS
1. The percentage inhibition of
protein denaturation was calculated as follows:
(Abs Control
-Abs sample)
Percentage Inhibition (%) =
X100
Abs Control
Values are
expressed as mean ± SD (n=3)
AECQ- Acetone extract
of Cissus quadrangularis , MECQ- Methanol extract of Cissus quadrangularis
2. The percentage of HRBC
membrane stabilization or protection was calculated by using the following
formula:
(Abs Control -Abs sample)
Percentage Inhibition (%) =
X100
Abs Control
Values are
expressed as mean ± SD (n=3)
AECQ- Acetone extract
of Cissus quadrangularis , MECQ- Methanol extract of Cissus quadrangularis
DISCUSSION
The MECQ appears the nearness a higher
concentration of phytoconstituents due to the higher polar nature of methanol
which has higher partiality towards the auxiliary metabolites. In this way, in
the hindrance of egg whites denaturation test, it appears the way better comes
about than the AECQ.
In the HRBC membrane stabilization test, AECQ
appears superior comes about than MECQ. Acetone is less polar and lipophilic,
in this way, it appears higher partiality towards the lipid solvent
phytochemicals. Subsequently, the lipid solvent phytochemicals effortlessly tie
to the RBC Film and appear the superior film stabilization movement.
CONCLUSION
The Acetone extricate and Methanol
extricates of the stem of Cissus
quadrangularis Linn.
have higher critical restorative esteem. The think about comes about appears
that the diverse extricate of CQ appears distinctive pharmacological exercises.
This appears that the AECQ and MECQ has Anti-inflammatory movements. Through
this inquiry about work and the correct component of activity, we can treat
joint pain and other incendiary reactions by knowing the particular instrument
of activity and treating them by individual phytochemicals.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We
thanks to management and staffs of Mohamed Sathak AJ College of Pharmacy
Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India for providing necessary facilities and full support
throughout the research in a successful manner.
REFERENCES
01. A
Review on Cissus quadrangularis by Ayesha Siddiqua and Sirisha Mittapally
02. Cissus
quadrangularis : A Medicinal plant with diverse
pharmacological activity by Mahek Sharan, Shivsngi Pandey, Dr. Yamini Dixit.
03. In
vitro Anti-arthritic activity of Cissus quadrangularis stem extract by Vaijayanthimala p,
Sakthipriya M, Sangameswaran B.
04. Mizushima,
Y and Kobayashi, M. Interaction of anti-inflammatory drugs with serum proteins,
especially with some biologically active proteins. J Pharma Pharmacol 1968;
20:169-173.
05. Sakat,
S, Juvekar AR, Gambhire MN. In vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory
activity of methanol extract of Oxalis corniculata Linn. International Journal
of Pharma and Pharmacological Sciences 2010; 2(1):146-155.
06. Kumar
V, Bhat ZA, Kumar D, Bohra P, Sheela S. In vitro anti-inflammatory
activity of stem extract of Cissus
quadrangularis of Basella alba linn.
var. alba. Int J Drug Dev Res 2011; 3(2): 176-9