Author(s):
Edwin Dias11, 2 and Arunanjali A³*2
Email(s):
1dr.arunanjali@gmail.com
Address:
1 HOD and Professor, Department of Paediatrics, Srinivas Institute of Medical Sciences and Research
Centre, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
2 Adjunct Professor, Srinivas University, Director of Research and Publication, India
3 Final Year Pharm.D, Srinivas College of Pharmacy, Valachil, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
Published In:
Volume - 4,
Issue - 12,
Year - 2025
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.71431/IJRPAS.2025.41203 
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ABSTRACT:
Obesity is a growing global health concern, affecting over 30% of adults and is a major contributor to morbidity and mortality. A key metabolic complication is dyslipidemia, marked by high triglycerides, low HDL-C and increased small dense LDL-C, which elevates the risk of cardiovascular diseases. With obesity rates rising, early detection and effective management of dyslipidemia are increasingly important. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the pathophysiological mechanisms linking obesity to dyslipidemia, describe the clinical features and diagnostic approaches and discuss evidence-based strategies for prevention and management. A systematic literature review was conducted using major databases to identify studies published between 2010 and 2025 on the relationship between obesity and dyslipidemia. Relevant data on epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, therapeutic interventions and outcomes were synthesized. Obesity-induced dyslipidemia results from insulin resistance, increased hepatic lipogenesis, altered adipokines and chronic inflammation. It often presents with central obesity, type 2 diabetes, NAFLD and hypertension. Management includes lifestyle modification, lipid-lowering and weight-reducing drugs and bariatric surgery in severe cases. Newer therapies like GLP-1 and GIP/GLP-1 agonists, PCSK9 inhibitors and emerging agents show promise in improving lipid profiles and reducing cardiovascular risk. Obesity-related dyslipidemia is a major contributor to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Early identification, comprehensive risk assessment and a multifactorial management approach incorporating lifestyle modification, pharmacotherapy and surgical interventions are essential. Ongoing research into novel therapies and personalized approaches holds promise for further reducing cardiovascular risk and improving long-term outcomes in this high-risk population.
Cite this article:
Edwin Dias and Arunanjali A. A Comprehensive Review on Dyslipidemia and Obesity: Pathophysiology, Clinical Implications and Management Approaches. IJRPAS, December 2025; 4(12): 30-40.DOI: https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.71431/IJRPAS.2025.41203
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